Aristotle and Aurelius Essay

Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics goes to show that he believes that the polish off goal of all serviceman actions is well-being, or enjoyment through success and fulfillment. Following this concept Aristotle goes on to explain that through virtuosity a human being butt joint lead a happy life. He defines virtue as a disposition to make the correct decisions that lead to the chief good of happiness. A perfect example is when he describes some iodine who does an action well as being good, only if they ar only considered good beca wont of their distinctive activity.The distinctive activity for human beings can be considered our rationale. This is where virtue comes into looseness of the bowels in the matter, save this translation could also be deciphered as excellence. Human beings do both wiz thing they do for a reason and that reason is to help towards an leftover goal. Although it may front equal the end goal might be something good alike(p) eating lunch, it is actually a chain to the ultimate good which is being happy.Happiness in Aristotles view is not second-by-second or even minute-by-minute but an entire life sequence. This is because we view happiness as and end goal which we hope to discover by death and that way you can look back on a persons life to see if they succeeded in their goal, through righteous inclination lesson typeface and sodding(a) intellectual character and through the act of temperance. A life-time of that act can guarantee a happy, fulfilling, and successful life.Being clean come through two different ways in our actions as said by Aristotle, virtuousness being of two sorts, then, the one intellectual and the other of character, the intellectual sort nighly both comes into man and increases as a result of teaching whereas excellence of character results from habituation (Nicomachean Ethics, 1103a15). Intellectual virtue comes from teaching, experience, and time while character virtue is formed through the habit o f repeated virtuous actions and constant practice.This allows for all(prenominal) human being to potentially have a virtuous moral character for the fact that it cannot be learned but only practiced, and not one person can be born already virtuous. The only problem with this concept is that there is no exact guideline in which to follow in order to become virtuous and, ultimately, happy. Basically Aristotle explains that you can find virtue in the middle priming coat of your actions, for xample, he says For to arrive at one of the two extremes is more erroneous, to arrive at the other little so, since it is hard to hit upon intermediate with extreme accuracy, one should take to the oars and sail that way, as they say, grasping what is least bad of what is available (Nicomachean Ethics, 1109a35) There is no teaching as to why, for example, courage is preferred over cowardice or rashness but that you need to practice being courageous in order to picture the reasoning for being c ourageous.This is true for all virtuous traits and merits of the human character and by combining the moral and intellectual teachings and habits can you start on the path of a virtuous disposition. The key to virtue is retention within a balance between the vices. For an excessive vice there is excessive pleasure but also excessive pain and for the opposite there is no pleasure and no pain. The key is in a state of temperance in order to feel the correct amount of pleasure for a healthy lifestyle and choices.Aristotles views show that someone with a virtuous disposition should automatically or naturally choose the best action or behavior in any circumstances without having to blaspheme on reason because the virtuous habit has been already learned. In response to someone arguing a make upst an inadvertent choice, these views only perceive the deliberate and voluntary choices made by the person of virtue.Also a virtuous moral character leave behind always aim for the good while u n solely character give try to aim for what is their perception or the app bent good as said in That lack is for the end, we have already said but to some it seems to be for the good, whereas to others it seems to be for the apparent good. The consequence, for those who say that the object of wish is the good, is that what the person making an incorrect choice wishes for is not wished for.. (Nicomachean Ethics, 1113a10).A virtuous person entrust always do the right thing and will never be surprised by their actions, nor will they do it the right thing with an ulterior motive. Though you cannot hold out a happy life just with a virtuous disposition because you still need to act within accordance to virtue, you absolutely cannot hold up a happy life without virtue. Having virtue in your actions will lead to the final goal of happiness because it far outweighs the happiness found in pleasure, awards or merits. II.Marcus Aurelius was a philosopher-king and emperor of the Roman Emp ire and was considered of of the most influential Stoic philosophers of all time. His greatest go Meditations is an honest portrayal of Aurelius thoughts as they were found in journal form, never meant to be publicized. He wrote these books for himself as a sort of guideline and thought-provoking inside voice. In his works of Meditations, Marcus Aurelius doesnt use arguments as a way to get his point crossways but rather states his words as truths and seems to be precise confident in his uses.It seems he is nosy at the meaning of life, the whys and hows of it all on the idea of living. He is very blunt in his use of understating the human existence in the world and compares them to specks in the grand scheme, but the point of this is to provide a sort of carpe diem lifestyle. By letting yourself let go of the things you cannot control, you begin to gain a better understanding of the things you can control and act accordingly. We were born to work together like feet, hands and eyes, like two rows of teeth, upper and lower.To obstruct each other is unnatural. To feel anger at someone, to turn your back on him these are obstructions. (Meditations, 17). This quote goes to show how you cannot allow yourself to get angry at another person for what they have done, but to continue your existence and recognize what you need to do. He advises in his writings To shrug it all off and wipe it clean-every annoyance and distraction-and reach sing stillness. (Meditations, 54) and once you can do that you can realize what is natural.Stoicism being a very popular philosophy in ancient Rome for it called for a cosmic determinism in relation to human freedom by a parallel will to that of Nature . Aurelius,himself, was a firm believer in the Logos, which can be set as a principle a guiding force for the universe, human beings and all matter. In fact, it is one of the most important concepts in Stoicism for the ancient Romans of the time. The stark and manly belief that e very single citizen had a duty, whether they were a king or a peasant, were expected to follow it to the best of their abilities.The term utter stillness is used to acknowledge the state of no distractions. By achieving this you can focus solely on appropriate actions and how to follow your own road by the way of Nature on an unconscious level. not by sound offing about it but by acting naturally should you continue to help others, work for yourself, never stopping but continuing to reply to Natures demands. To do this all under the Logos, in order to find our common sense and avoid the annoying distractions all the while by controlling these actions through your inner unconscious/conscious self. III.The Greek philosopher Aristotle and the Roman philosopher-king Marcus Aurelius can be compared and contrasted in their similar and different ways of thoughts. First you can compare Aristotles ideas on social welfare and Aurelius use of utter stillness to help follow the logos, also th e final step of death as the end of ones journey towards a life of fulfillment. Contrastingly, they have different outlooks on purpose of human life and how to lead to the fulfilling of that said life. Stoicism was developed within the framework of Greek theory and philosophies from Plato and Aristotle so obviously there are bound to be many similarities.Both of these men were truly graphic and ground-breaking in their respective ways of thought and led centuries of intellectuals to search for more fulfillment and happinesss in their lives. Some big differences between Aristotle and Aurelius were there views on mortality or death. While Aristotle concludes that our lives are given to us and as valuable as human beings want to make them, the Stoics view on life is that is shaped by death and that the thoughts, choices and actions are just based on the knowledge of death. wellbeing is a subject in which Aristotle and Aurelius were familiar with in their writings about philosophical l ife. Aristotle thought of eudaimonia as an activity done with virtue performed rationally and consciously. Aurelius and the other Stoics insist that the way for eudaimonia is to live a morally virtuous life, in regards to the fact that virtue is good, vices are bad and most everything else is neutral. A popular argument for this where a death in the family would be involved, according to Aristotle, that would rob the most virtuous person of their eudaimonia while the Stoics would consider that neutral.Another interesting fact about Aristotle is how he acknowledges how heavy luck can aid or block the journey for eudaimonia, for example being born bewitching or losing close friends and family. Basically, they agree that eudaimonia is self-sufficient the chief goal in life and that eudaimonia is the most complete end result. Virtue is very important to both philosophers and their ways of thinking and considers it absolutely crucial for eudaimonia. Aristotle and Aurelius can agree tha t no one is born just virtuous as it essential be an act learned.Virtue is believed to be how one can control their emotions for it helps them to stay stable and in moderation. Overall, living life virtuously is living a life full of dignity. Marcus Aureliuss view is a much more justified view because it is more modern and more adaptable. As the stoicism wants throng to better themselves within reasonable goals and change values into something that will bring upon an unconscious change so that they may make better decisions consciously. Aristotle instead relies too much on a proper fosterage and calls the loss of good and friends as a prevention of eudaimonia.Stoics learn to realize what is out of their control and lift on to what they can control. Aristotelian views also say that if a person dies early that it is a calamity and that they were taken away before they reached their prime which in the Stoics eyes, a virtuous person should never be afraid of death because their lif e is sufficient when living a virtuous life. The difference continues when viewing the subject of emotions for Aristotelian that emotions are not good nor bad, only bad when expressed inappropriately while the Stoics think the whole point of eudaimonia is to be free from emotion.Finally the stoics dont see a difference between the rich, poor, slaves or free men, because in their views bodily and external things can no seismic disturbance on their dignity, whereas Aristotle believes that a life based on virtues along with enough material and external goods like freedom, wellbeing, and close friends lead to a life of dignity. Overall, Aurelius and the Stoics have built upon and modified Aristotles view to be more realistic and to try and be more optimistic in leading the best possible life no matter the circumstances.

Amish Tripathi

The collar give-and-takes collectively comprise the Shiva Trilogy. THE IMMORTALS OF MEHULA was a surprise bestseller, breaking into the top seller charts within a week of its launch. The Shiva Trilogy has amaze the fastest selling book series in the history of Indian publishing, with 1. 7 one thousand thousand copies in print and over Rs 40 crores in sales. Forbes, India has ranked him 85 in the 2012 Celebrity 100 list. Before being an author is journey was very different.Amish tripathi had completed is MBA from IIM-Calcutta. He conk outed for 14 years in the financial services industry, in companies such as Standard Chartered, DBS Bank and IDBI federal Life Insurance, before starting his writing career. He never wanted to be a generator which is very hard to believe. The Banker turned author of popular Shiva trilogy recently won a millon dollar sign for her books. The Immortals of Meluha and The Secret of the Nagas, the first two novels by Tripathi, have been commercial achi everes.Amishs books have sold a million copies in the span of two years with a gross sell sale of Rs 22 crores. The trio installment, titled The Oath of the Vayuputras, was released on 27 February 2013. With The Oath of Vayuputras selling more than 400,000 copies even before its release, the trilogy has become a success. The Shiva Trilogy has become the fastest selling book series in the history of Indian publishing, with 1. 7 million copies in print and over Rs 40 crores in sales.In the Indian market where large sales volumes of books are rare, Tripathis books have been enormously successful. Tripathis marketing skills and strategies have been widely credited for the success of his novels. Tripathi himself says Its a fallacy to think that a good book sells itself. I can concur you a long list of books that I think should have been bestsellers but nobodys hear of them. My management background along with marketing experience helped me devise effective strategies for promoting my book.Weeks before The Immortals of Meluha hit the bookshops, Tripathi printed seek copies of the first chapter and persuaded bookshops and chains to give them away free to anyone who approached the cash counter, creating a buzz. It was an unprecedented move and gave the book very high visibility considering that at that time, Tripathi was an unknown author. He also made presentations to big retail chains, visited smaller retailers, met local distributors and regularly sent email updates to various stakeholders.Tripathi targeted social media websites for promoting his debut novel, and made a trailer film with a background score reportedly by Taufiq Qureshi and uploaded it on YouTube. For promotion of his flake book, Tripathi created video trailers and screened them at multiplexes. These trailers were of similar quality as movie trailers, complete with visual effects. They were released with the Shahrukh Khan starrer Ra. One. Tripathi believed that this would work as the audience t hat visits theatres is the same that reads my books.Three other trailers were released on YouTube. In 2013, a music record album called Vayuputras, an original soundtrack based on The Oath of the Vayuputras, the final book of the Shiva Trilogy, was released. The album had songs by artists alike(p) Sonu Nigam, Taufiq Qureshi, Palash Sen, Bickram Ghosh amongst others working on this. This was the first time ever that an original soundtrack has been made for a book series. It was not just his writing skills but the marketing skills & techniques which made him a successful person.

Diversity Action Plan for Microsoft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity Action Plan for Microsoft - Essay ExampleThis is, in a way, a stand against racism and prejudice. Now, why might system of ruless implement this Just like every separate action, this has good characteristics as well as bad ones.First of all, the biggest benefit to any governance of hiring employees from divergent races and ethnicities is that it creates a good impression in the minds of socialists, shargonholders, the public and all other stake holders. For Microsoft, this provide be especially important because multinational companies much(prenominal) as itself gain additional gain and other non monetary benefits such as good will only by creating a noble flesh in the minds of their stakeholders.Secondly, diversity leads to a greater pool of ideas. When people come from different backgrounds, they tend to reckon differently in terms of logic as well as innovation. For a software shack such as Microsoft, it is very important to hire people who can come up with to a greater extent than one way of creating software or going about a project. In other words, it helps to shed light on enigmas in more than one way. This could probably even make problem-solving easier.This then saves period and when employees save time in deciding how to solve something, they utilize the rest in producing more. This leads to an increase in productivity. Higher productivity, ultimately, generates profits for firms.A diverse workforce can understand and meet customer requirements better as the client-base is believably to be diverse also in a country like the US. This is especially true for an organization like Microsoft whose customer base is massive.Lastly, diversity helps to reduce lawsuits and increases marketing opportunities and creativity (Esty, et al., 1995).ChallengesThe biggest problem that diversity presents to organizations is that it causes converse problems. This happens because people come from different backgrounds. They have different accents, d ifferent ways of thinking, different ways of perceiving things, and different ways of understanding. in that respectfore, this causes intra- and inter-team communication barriers. Either diverse employees have problems understanding the communicator, or they have problems making themselves heard. Even feedback problems are likely to occur. Some may think that having a number of ways of solving a problem is good. It leads to saving time and maybe even increased productivity. Alternatively, other might say that having too many another(prenominal) ways of solving one problem may lead to confusion. It becomes more difficult to judge what would be a better option. Also, it gives rise to disagreements between different individuals, especially more when they are of different mores.This causes thwarting amongst team members and other colleagues which further leads to a hostile and an uncomfortable environment. This could even be the cause of de-motivation of employees. There is likely to be plenty of communication problems within different groups or between individuals as it is. A difficult-to-work-in environment further leads to more communication problems. Also, cultural biases are spawned when trying to change the corporate culture. If such biases and behavior grow in frequency and intensity it can result in legal charges of discrimination, in its most serious form (Thomas, 1997).Finally, when an organization employs a diverse workforce, it becomes important to acknowledge their needs and previous unrecognized

International law. The case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International rightfulness. The case - Essay ExampleNatural products are taking ever more precious in todays society. An important part of the shopper market is persuaded that natural products are link up with security and health, while artificial products are linked to unwanted side effects.In reaction to this trend, material shifts are happening in many industrial sectors, such as food, drink, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, mostly because of rising feelings of the benefits of lifestyle in agreement with constitution. Since gathering consumer wants and expectations are of main significance for companies competitiveness, there is a gold race for the use of natural elements as raw materials to expand a broad diversity of products.harmonize to the Expert Ferreira, the green wave has led therapeutic plant sharing companies to seek new products, with a sight to supplying the increasing demand in this market. Certainly, the similar thinking could be extensive to another(prenominal ) industrial sectors intimately connected to human health, hygiene and food. This is the cause why rising countries abruptly run across themselves in the attention because of the sometimes huge biodiversity of plants rising within their boundaries.According to the penning of the united States gives coition the authority to pass laws connecting to patents, in Article I, section 8, which reads Congress shall have power to endorse the reading of science and helpful arts, by securing for imperfect times to authors and inventors the elite right to their individual writings and discoveries. (US Constitution online, 2006) Under this authority Congress has from time to time enacted a hunt of laws relating to patents. The first patent law was enacted in 1790. The patent laws underwent a universal revision which was enacted July 19, 1952, and which came into result January 1, 1953. It is codified in Title 35, United States Code. As well, on November 29, 1999, Congress enacted the Americ an Inventors Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA), which more revised the patent laws. suck in Public Law 106-113, 113 Stat. 1501 (1999). The patent law specifies the topic substance for which a patent may be obtained and the conditions for patentability. The law establishes the United States Patent and Trademark Office to administer the law connecting to the yielding of patents and contains a range of other provisions linking to patents (Ray, 2003). A product can not be patented if any teaching is already obtainable about it in any domestic or international level journals. So giving patent rights to Omni was wrong and the request for revocation should be granted as information was available in journal articles present in the libraries of state Y.Patents on Natural ProductsInvestments in study and training are closely related to the hope of obtaining rights over the results, in order to recompense for the money exhausted throughout the work, which can be important through many years o f study. Thus, given the spirited nature of modern life, it has become essential to offer incentives for study and growth

Artemisinins - an important class of antimalarial drug Essay

Artemisinins - an important class of antimalarial do drugs - Essay ExampleIn order to check the statistical significance of the observations, Mutations were introduced in various mammal and Plasmodium isolates. ATPase assay was performed to determine Ki values of each drug on the mutant as compared to its wild-type SERCA. The introduction of Leucine at position 263 in place of Alanine in the Plasmodium vivax search resulted in a 3 fold increase (Ki=63nM+/-12) as compared to wild-type PfATP6 (Ki=169+/-31) in the sensitivity of Artemisinin. Whereas the introduction of leucine at position 263 in the place of serine in P.berghei decreases the sensitivity by 3-fold (Ki= 530nm+/-84). IC50 values showed P.vivax (IC50-1.3nM)is more susceptible to artesunate than P.falciparum(IC50-4.2nM).Artemisone a semisynthetic derivative instrument of artemisinin is more potent against PvSERCA (

Comparing Organization of Politics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Comparing Organization of Politics - Term Paper voicePluralism crowd out be defined as a kind of policy-making theory which states that power statutorily resides with the central goernment, but non-governmental and independent organizations like lobbyists also exert significant influence on the final examination decision-making outcomes. Political pluralism is largely practiced in the coupled States where special-interest organizations hold some influence mainly on the members of Senate and House of Repre moveatives whom they had financially helped during their campaign periods. In the same vein, hyper pluralism is a more dangerous situation whereby the special-interest 2 groups and lobbyists have become quite too powerful for the central government to handle or control. This can occur in a country where corruption is endemic and the executive arm of the government has been bought by the rich and mighty in the country. Hence, it has been discovered that both pluralism and hyper pluralism in political organization within a country also have a far-reaching effect on the citizen interlocking in the entire political processes of the country (Johnson 251). There atomic number 18 distinct differences in the regimes where pluralism and hyper pluralism political systems are in operation. However, the main relation of these two forms of political organization is that citizens would be robbed of their rights to actually influence the governance of their country because the kind of politicians sent to the Congress (for example in America) are non the group of people that believe in their unbiased interests of the commoners, but they are there to satisfy the desires of their influential sponsors. Talking about a pluralistic regime, the central governments control on the governance is still substantial. Take for instance, the current President of the United States, Barack Obama made the special-interest organizations and lobbyists the target of his presidential c ampaign, having realized that their interests in commerce and governmental affairs supersede that of the globe and even though they are small in number, their interests appear to weigh in as burdens over that of universal Americans. These independent or non-government groups often use their money to campaign for Congress members of 3 their choice. They would do everything in their power to make sure that their candidates win the elections. And once these Congress members resume their legislative duties, the special-interest, non-governmental organizations turn up to demand for laws that would safeguard their business, ideology or political interests. Some of these lobbyists are multinational companies, non-government organizations, shift and commerce groups or associations. Since the special-interest organizations are responsible for dictating the kind of laws to be passed in the Congress, they inadvertently reduce the participation of the ordinary people in the governance proce ss. This means that other citizens in the affected country are under their machinations, since the members of Congress or the legislative arm are only answerable to their demands, and not that of the ordinary people in the country (Johnson 163). As indicated above, the executive arm of the regime can still persist properly, if the president is a person who thinks about the masses in the countrythis means that the president is not aloof from peoples needs and relate with them on a personal level by means of his or her organized method of communication. Nowadays, presidents can chat with their citizens online or even receive comments on their online profiles.

Court Observation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Court Observation - look for ExampleI in like manner provide a critical reflection upon my experience in move outlining the relevant concepts discussed in Courts and Criminal Law.On the entrance of court the guards asked me to empty out my pockets, open my hood and then pass through the metal detectors. As I walked around the court building, I also observed that thither were guards for safety measures at e real exit door and they made sure no one entered only exited. There were also Police Officers in most of the courtrooms I looked into. In my opinion, certification measures were very good at this location and I felt very safe.The building itself was ordinary, nothing to fancy. The right(prenominal) of it looked like any other building in San Diego and it was hard to tell what the building was without knowing. The inside was the same, very ordinary. The staff was very helpful. When I first walked into the building, I walked over to the receptionists desk, which was surrounded by bulletproof glass, and told her who I was and why I was thither. She then told me that I was welcome to sit in on any of the hearings freeing on that morning as long as it was all right with the judge/referee. She also told me that there were courtrooms on the first three floors. I decided to go to the third floor because the first 2 were crowded. As I was walking through the hall, I was looking into the different courtrooms to see if anything was going on. in conclusion I looked into one of the last courtrooms and saw someone I recognized, not a student, but the judge. I couldnt remember where I knew him from, but I recognized him from somewhere. I walked in and told him who I was and asked if he would oral sex if I sat in on the hearings he had today. He told me that he had no problem with it and that there would be a pre-trial today. He introduced himself to me and began to tell me some things about his background.Inside the courtroom, the lighting was adequate and for the ii pre trials I observed, the seating was adequate